Origin, Physical Properties, biodegradation, and Potential Effects of Microplastics on Aquaculture

Document Type : Review/Systematic

Authors

1 Government College University, Faisalabad

2 University of Zakho, Zakho, 42002, Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

3 Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan

4 University of Zakho, Iraq

Abstract

Micro-plastic pollution is a significant global concern that has far-reaching consequences for the environment and human activities, particularly aquatic ecosystems. Microplastics have become pervasive in all marine environments, from the surface waters to the deep ocean, even in remote regions. Their small size, lightweight nature and colorful appearance make them highly mobile and easily dispersed by wind and water currents. They enter the ocean through rivers, runoff, and atmospheric deposition. They are easily ingested by various species, from zooplankton to large fish and marine mammals. Consequently, the production of these compound pollutants may also find its way into the food chains of aquatic life and, after an extended period of enrichment, into the human body. Furthermore, cumulative harmful effects of compound pollution on human health and the natural environment are a result. The accumulation of microplastics in their organs can disrupt physiological functions, cause behavioral changes, and impair growth and reproduction. Addressing this problem requires global cooperation and a multifaceted approach to reduce plastic production and better manage plastic waste.

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